In this article, both thermal buckling and post-buckling of pinned–fixed beams resting on an elastic foundation are investigated. Based on the accurate geometrically non-linear theory for Euler–Bernoulli beams, considering both linear and non-linear elastic foundation effects, governing equations for large static deformations of the beam subjected to uniform temperature rise are derived. Due to the large deformation of the beam, the constraint forces of elastic foundation in both longitudinal and transverse directions are taken into account. The boundary value problem for the non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved effectively by using the shooting method. Characteristic curves of critical buckling temperature versus elastic foundation stiffness parameter corresponding to the first, the second, and the third buckling mode shapes are plotted. From the numerical results it can be found that the buckling load-elastic foundation stiffness curves have no intersection when the value of linear foundation stiffness parameter is less than 3000, which is different from the behaviors of symmetrically supported (pinned–pinned and fixed–fixed) beams. As we expect that the non-linear foundation stiffness parameter has no sharp influence on the critical buckling temperature and it has a slight effect on the post-buckling temperature compared with the linear one. 相似文献
This contribution attempts to model the alteration of the in-plane elastic properties in laminates caused by stitching,and to predict the in-plane effective tensile strength of the stitched composite laminates.The distortion of in-plane fibers is considered to be the main cause that affects the in-plane mechanical properties.A fiber distortion model is proposed to characterize the fiber misalignment and the fiber content concentration due to stitching.The undistorted region,the fiber distortion region,the resin-rich pocket and the through-thickness reinforcement section are taken into account.The fiber misalignment and inhomogeneous fiber content due to stitching have been formulated by introducing two parameters,the distortion width and maximum misalignment.It has been found that the ply stress concentration in stitched laminates is influenced by the two concurrent factors,the stitch hole and inhomogeneous fiber content.The stitch hole brings about the stress concentration whereas the higher fiber content at the local region induced by stitching restrains the local deformation of the composite.The model is used to predict the tensile strength of the [0/45/0/-45/90/45/0/-45]_(2s) T300/QY9512 composite laminate stitched by Kevlar 29 yarn with different stitching configurations,showing an acceptable agreement with experimental data. 相似文献
Experiments on polymers indicate that large tensile stress can induce cavitation, that is, the appearance of voids that were
not previously evident in the material. This phenomenon can be viewed as either the growth of pre-existing infinitesimal holes
in the material or, alternatively, as the spontaneous creation of new holes in an initially perfect body. In this paper our
approach is to adopt both views concurrently within the framework of the variational theory of nonlinear elasticity. We model
an elastomer on a macroscale as a void-free material and, on a microscale, as a material containing certain defects that are
the only points at which hole formation can occur. Mathematically, this is accomplished by the use of deformations whose point
singularities are constrained. One consequence of this viewpoint is that cavitation may then take place at a point that is
not energetically optimal. We show that this disparity will generate configurational forces, a type of force identified previously
in dislocations in crystals, in phase transitions in solids, in solidification, and in fracture mechanics.
As an application of this approach we study the energetically optimal point for a solitary hole to form in a homogeneous and
isotropic elastic ball subject to radial boundary displacements. We show, in particular, that the center of the ball is the
unique optimal point. Finally, we speculate that the configurational force generated by cavitation at a non-optimal material
point may be sufficient to result in the onset of fracture. The analysis utilizes the energy-momentum tensor, the asymptotics
of an equilibrium solution with an isolated singularity, and the linear theory of elasticity at the stressed configuration
that the body occupies immediately prior to cavitation.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
Dielectric metasurfaces are two‐dimensional structures composed of nano‐scatterers that manipulate the phase and polarization of optical waves with subwavelength spatial resolution, thus enabling ultra‐thin components for free‐space optics. While high performance devices with various functionalities, including some that are difficult to achieve using conventional optical setups have been shown, most demonstrated components have fixed parameters. Here, we demonstrate highly tunable dielectric metasurface devices based on subwavelength thick silicon nano‐posts encapsulated in a thin transparent elastic polymer. As proof of concept, we demonstrate a metasurface microlens operating at 915 nm, with focal distance tuning from 600 μm to 1400 μm (over 952 diopters change in optical power) through radial strain, while maintaining a diffraction limited focus and a focusing efficiency above 50%. The demonstrated tunable metasurface concept is highly versatile for developing ultra‐slim, multi‐functional and tunable optical devices with widespread applications ranging from consumer electronics to medical devices and optical communications.
